Cavallaro S A, Porter R H
Am J Ment Defic. 1980 Jan;84(4):357-66.
Social interactions and peer preferences in a preschool mainstream classroom containing normally developing and at-risk children were studied using the ethological method of direct observation. Data on social play and on gaze orientation indicated that normally developing children and at-risk children interacted primarily with children from the same group (other normally developing and at-risk children, respectively). Data on selection on game partner and on preference of seat neighbor, however, revealed peer preference by normally developing children only. The findings were discussed as having theoretical implications for using direct observation vs. the more traditional sociometric methods for studying social adaptation in the mainstream classroom and as having practical implications for mainstreaming at risk-preschoolers.
采用直接观察的行为学方法，对一所包含正常发育儿童和高危儿童的学前主流课堂中的社交互动和同伴偏好进行了研究。关于社交游戏和目光定向的数据表明，正常发育儿童和高危儿童主要与来自同一组的儿童互动（分别是其他正常发育儿童和高危儿童）。然而，关于游戏伙伴选择和座位邻座偏好的数据显示，只有正常发育儿童表现出同伴偏好。这些研究结果被认为对于在主流课堂中使用直接观察法与更传统的社会测量法来研究社会适应具有理论意义，并且对于将高危学龄前儿童纳入主流课堂具有实际意义。
