Lager E, Zwerling I
Am J Psychiatry. 1980 Mar;137(3):306-9. doi: 10.1176/ajp.137.3.306.
The ghetto resident's concern with immediate real and psychological survival leads to what Kluckhohn called a present-time cultural value orientation, in contrast to the middle-class time orientation, which values preparation for the future. The authors view several aspects of the psychotherapy of ghetto patients in the light of this difference: evaluating patients for long-term psychotherapy, understanding precipitating factors, and understanding the nature and urgency of patients' communications. The authors have observed behaviors as expressions of impulse rather than of culturally determined expectations that are projected onto the therapist.
与重视为未来做准备的中产阶级时间取向不同，贫民窟居民对当下真实和心理生存的关注导致了克拉克洪所说的当下文化价值取向。作者从这种差异的角度审视了贫民窟患者心理治疗的几个方面：评估患者是否适合长期心理治疗、理解诱发因素以及理解患者沟通的性质和紧迫性。作者观察到，患者的行为是冲动的表现，而非投射到治疗师身上的由文化决定的期望。
