Cantwell D P, Baker L, Mattison R E
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1980 Apr;37(4):423-6. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1980.01780170065007.
One hundred children (mean age, 5 to 6 years) who were seen consecutively at a suburban speech and hearing clinic were systematically evaluated for speech and language disorders and psychiatric disorders. Fifty-three were found to have a psychiatric illness. The three groups were compared with the psychiatrically well group to ascertain factors associated with the presence of a psychiatric disorder. Significantly differentiating the ill group were more academic and classroom behavior problems and the presence of both speech and language problems. The two groups were not significantly different in intellectual retardation, hearing impairment, medical factors, nonlanguage development disorders, and a variety of family and demographic factors. Common in both groups were psychiatric illness in parents and first-degree relatives. The data indicate that children with speech and langauge disorders are highly at risk for the development of significant psychiatric problems, which suggests the need for proper screening and multimodal treatment planning.
在一家郊区言语和听力诊所连续就诊的100名儿童（平均年龄5至6岁），接受了言语和语言障碍以及精神疾病的系统评估。发现53名儿童患有精神疾病。将这三组与精神状态良好的组进行比较，以确定与精神障碍存在相关的因素。学业和课堂行为问题更多以及同时存在言语和语言问题，这两组因素在患病组中具有显著差异。两组在智力迟钝、听力障碍、医学因素、非语言发育障碍以及各种家庭和人口统计学因素方面没有显著差异。两组的共同之处在于父母和一级亲属患有精神疾病。数据表明，患有言语和语言障碍的儿童极易出现严重的精神问题，这表明需要进行适当的筛查和多模式治疗规划。
