刺激变异性对儿童和成人过度泛化及过度辨别错误的影响。

The effects of stimulus variability on overgeneralization and overdiscrimination errors in children and adults.

作者信息

Novack T A, Richman C L

出版信息

Child Dev. 1980 Mar;51(1):55-60.

Abstract

64 subjects, aged 5, 7, 9, and adult, participated in a visual discrimination task. Standard photographs of adult models were accompanied by comparison photographs of either the same person as in the standard or a different person with systematic variation of both facial expression and attire. Subjects were asked if the person pictured in the standard was the same or different than the person in the comparison photograph. Subjects made fewer overgeneralization errors than overdiscrimination errors. The number of overdiscrimination errors varied with the age and sex of the subject and the pose and sex of the model. The number of overgeneralization errors varied with the age of the subject and the degree of similarity between the model pairs.

摘要

64名年龄分别为5岁、7岁、9岁和成年人的受试者参与了一项视觉辨别任务。成年模特的标准照片配有与之相同的人的对比照片，或者是面部表情和着装都有系统变化的不同人的对比照片。受试者被问及标准照片中的人与对比照片中的人是否相同。受试者做出的过度概括错误比过度辨别错误少。过度辨别错误的数量因受试者的年龄和性别以及模特的姿势和性别而异。过度概括错误的数量因受试者的年龄以及模特对之间的相似程度而异。