Browning G C, Granich M S
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1978 Nov-Dec;87(6 Pt 1):875-82. doi: 10.1177/000348947808700616.
The chinchilla is of value in otological research for many reasons, including the surgical accessibility of the majority of structures within its temporal bone. This paper describes the anatomy of the chinchilla's temporal bone, and four surgical approaches to the labyrinth and ossicular chain, three through the bulla and the other via the external canal. No one approach reveals all the temporal bone structures, and each route is therefore more suited to some surgical procedures than others. The cochlea is particularly accessible for microsurgical procedures because it projects into the labyrinthine part of the bulla and because its bony capsule is thin. Surgery in the posterior cranial fossae is both hazardous and difficult; the hazard is bleeding from the venous sinuses which run within the occipital and temporal bones, and the difficulty is the limited access due to the intervening cerebellum and the closeness of the brain stem.
由于多种原因，栗鼠在耳科学研究中具有重要价值，包括其颞骨内大多数结构在手术中易于接近。本文描述了栗鼠颞骨的解剖结构，以及四种进入迷路和听骨链的手术方法，其中三种通过鼓泡，另一种通过外耳道。没有一种方法能暴露所有颞骨结构，因此每种途径更适合某些手术操作而非其他操作。耳蜗特别适合进行显微手术，因为它突入鼓泡的迷路部分，且其骨膜很薄。后颅窝手术既危险又困难；危险在于枕骨和颞骨内走行的静脉窦出血，困难在于由于中间的小脑和脑干距离较近而导致的手术入路受限。
