De Tomás M E, Mercuri O, Rodrigo A
J Nutr. 1980 Apr;110(4):595-9. doi: 10.1093/jn/110.4.595.
The influence of protein restriction and EFA deficiency during early development in the rat on the activities of delta 5, delta 6 and delta 9 desaturases was studied. The effect of these diets on body weights and in the fatty acid composition of liver phospholipids was also investigated. The results indicate that the body weights of pups were lowered by feeding the dams both the low-protein and the EFA-deficient diet. The activities of delta 5, delta 6 and delta 9 desaturases were reduced in about 60% by protein deficiency but a rise in the activity of delta 9 desaturase of 362.2% was promoted by feeding the dams the low-fat diet. The fatty acid composition of liver phospholipids indicates that partial deprivation of proteins during early development is associated with a decreased ratio of arachidonate to linoleate. Besides the low-fat group shows in the fatty acid composition of liver phospholipids the typical pattern of EFA deficiency, increased 18:1 and 20:3 omega 9 and decreased 18:2 and 20:4. It is evident from the current investigation that partial deprivation of protein during early development may impair the conversion of linoleate to arachidonate in the rat and that the lack of arachidonic acid observed in the liver cells during protein deficiency would be the consequence of this impairment.
研究了大鼠早期发育期间蛋白质限制和必需脂肪酸（EFA）缺乏对Δ5、Δ6和Δ9去饱和酶活性的影响。还研究了这些饮食对体重和肝脏磷脂脂肪酸组成的影响。结果表明，给母鼠喂食低蛋白和EFA缺乏饮食会降低幼崽的体重。蛋白质缺乏使Δ5、Δ6和Δ9去饱和酶的活性降低约60%，但给母鼠喂食低脂饮食会使Δ9去饱和酶的活性提高362.2%。肝脏磷脂的脂肪酸组成表明，早期发育期间蛋白质的部分缺乏与花生四烯酸与亚油酸比例降低有关。此外，低脂组肝脏磷脂的脂肪酸组成显示出EFA缺乏的典型模式，18:1和20:3 ω9增加，18:2和20:4减少。从目前的研究可以明显看出，早期发育期间蛋白质的部分缺乏可能会损害大鼠中亚油酸向花生四烯酸的转化，蛋白质缺乏期间肝细胞中观察到的花生四烯酸缺乏将是这种损害的结果。
