Sumiyoshi A, Kurozumi T
Jpn Circ J. 1980 Jan;44(1):39-45. doi: 10.1253/jcj.44.39.
Fibromuscular intimal thickening begins to occur early in the pediatric age, with or without lipid deposition. Fatty streaks also appear first in infant. Fatty streaks occur almost always in close association with intimal thickening. Some fatty streaks remain unchanged as those seen in the ascending aorta. Intimal thickening and lipid deposition generally increase with age. The prevalence of those lesions is very high in infants and children. The degree and extent of those lesions display wide individual variability. Finally, intimal thickening is considered to be an integral part of atherosclerosis and to represent the first stage of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesions, at least a part of them, are derived from thrombosis in association with endothelial denudation. Hyperlipidemia accelerates the atherosclerotic process. Lipid-rich atherosclerotic lesions may regress to some degree under a long normolipidemic state but leave intimal fibrous scarring. Therefore primary prevention of atherosclerosis should be directed as well as secondary prevention.
纤维肌性内膜增厚在儿童期早期就开始出现，无论有无脂质沉积。脂肪条纹也最早出现在婴儿期。脂肪条纹几乎总是与内膜增厚密切相关。一些脂肪条纹如升主动脉所见，保持不变。内膜增厚和脂质沉积一般随年龄增长而增加。这些病变在婴儿和儿童中的患病率非常高。这些病变的程度和范围存在很大的个体差异。最后，内膜增厚被认为是动脉粥样硬化的一个组成部分，代表动脉粥样硬化的第一阶段。动脉粥样硬化病变，至少其中一部分，源于与内皮剥脱相关的血栓形成。高脂血症会加速动脉粥样硬化进程。富含脂质的动脉粥样硬化病变在长期血脂正常状态下可能会有一定程度的消退，但会留下内膜纤维瘢痕。因此，动脉粥样硬化的一级预防和二级预防都应受到重视。
