Khurana R K, Watabiki S, Hebel J R, Toro R, Nelson E
Ann Neurol. 1980 Feb;7(2):144-9. doi: 10.1002/ana.410070209.
Study of the reflex heart rate response in humans to apneic facial immersion (simulated diving) and its modifications showed that bradycardia caused by simple application of cold compresses to the face (cold face test) correlated well with that produced by the simulated diving reflex. Bilateral application of cold stimulus to the individual divisions of the trigeminal nerve revealed the ophthalmic division to be the most sensitive pathway for this reflex. The cold face test was standardized in 50 normal individuals and further validated in 10 patients by comparison with the simulated diving reflex, the Valsalva maneuver, and administration of atropine. Patients with diabetes mellitus, brainstem stroke, multiple sclerosis, or Shy-Drager syndrome developed less than normal bradycardia or minimal tachycardia in response to the cold facial stimulus. The cold face test is a novel, simple, safe, and economical test of the integrity of trigeminal-brainstem-vagal reflex pathways, can be utilized practically to assess vagal and brainstem dysfunctions, and has the special advantage of being applicable even in an uncooperative or comatose patient.
对人类在屏气面部浸入（模拟潜水）及其改变时的反射性心率反应的研究表明，通过简单地对面部冷敷（冷脸试验）引起的心动过缓与模拟潜水反射所产生的心动过缓密切相关。对三叉神经各分支进行双侧冷刺激显示，眼神经分支是该反射最敏感的通路。在50名正常个体中对冷脸试验进行了标准化，并通过与模拟潜水反射、瓦尔萨尔瓦动作和阿托品给药进行比较，在10名患者中进一步验证。糖尿病、脑干中风、多发性硬化症或夏伊-德雷格综合征患者对冷面部刺激的反应出现低于正常的心动过缓或最小程度的心动过速。冷脸试验是一种新颖、简单、安全且经济的检测三叉神经-脑干-迷走神经反射通路完整性的试验，可实际用于评估迷走神经和脑干功能障碍，并且具有即使在不合作或昏迷患者中也适用的特殊优势。
