Short R D, Minor J L, Lee C C, Chernoff N, Baron R L
Arch Toxicol. 1980 Jan;43(3):177-86. doi: 10.1007/BF00297583.
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of Guthion, a pesticide with anticholinesterase activity, on development in rats and mice. A preliminary toxicity study with Guthion indicated that a 35-day LD50 dose for virgin rats and a 10-day LD50 dose for virgin mice was between 4 and 8 mg/kg/day for both species. On the basis of these data, doses of 0, 1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/kg/day were selected for the developmental study, which consisted of two phases. During the first phase, pregnant rats and mice were treated for 10 days starting on gestational day 6. The high dose affected maternal welfare only in rats. Guthion did not significantly increase in a dose-related manner any of the specific anomalies observed in either rats or mice. During the second phase, pregnant rats were treated from gestational day 6 to postpartum day 21. Dams in the high dose group were more sensitive to Guthion later in gestation with the result that deaths and signs of anticholinesterase toxicity increased during this time. Guthion also adversely affected maternal welfare in this group. As a result of Guthion toxicity, only one litter survived until weaning. The inability to dissociate toxicity in adult and developing animals suggests that Guthion has little primary effect on the development of rats or mice.
本研究的目的是评估具有抗胆碱酯酶活性的农药谷硫磷对大鼠和小鼠发育的影响。一项关于谷硫磷的初步毒性研究表明，未孕大鼠的35天半数致死剂量和未孕小鼠的10天半数致死剂量，对这两个物种而言均在4至8毫克/千克/天之间。基于这些数据，选择0、1.25、2.5和5.0毫克/千克/天的剂量用于发育研究，该研究包括两个阶段。在第一阶段，怀孕的大鼠和小鼠从妊娠第6天开始接受为期10天的治疗。高剂量仅对大鼠的母体健康有影响。谷硫磷并未以剂量相关的方式显著增加在大鼠或小鼠中观察到的任何特定异常情况。在第二阶段，怀孕大鼠从妊娠第6天至产后第21天接受治疗。高剂量组的母鼠在妊娠后期对谷硫磷更为敏感，结果在此期间死亡和抗胆碱酯酶毒性迹象增加。谷硫磷也对该组的母体健康产生了不利影响。由于谷硫磷的毒性，只有一窝幼崽存活至断奶。无法区分成年动物和发育中动物的毒性表明，谷硫磷对大鼠或小鼠的发育几乎没有主要影响。
