Zalewski A A, Silvers W K
J Neurosurg. 1980 Apr;52(4):557-63. doi: 10.3171/jns.1980.52.4.0557.
Schwann cells survive longer in allografts of ganglia that contain minor, rather than major and minor, transplantation antigens. The authors have investigated whether a nerve allograft with minor antigens would be superior to one with major and minor incompatibilities in aiding in the repair of injured nerve. A segment of host peroneal nerve was removed from rats and replaced with a peroneal nerve allograft that contained either minor or major and minor antigens. The results showed that in normal rats, host nerve fibers could functionally regenerate through (that is, grow through and reinnervate muscle) nerve allografts 2 cm but not 4 cm in length, irrespective of the antigens the allografts contained. Host nerve fibers could, however, regenerate through 4-cm nerve allografts if the hosts were rendered immunologically tolerant of the transplantation antigens of the nerve donors. Furthermore, when sensitized lymphoid cells were injected into tolerant rats bearing functional nerve allografts, Schwann cell rejection and demyelination occurred in the graft but host nerve fibers remained. It is concluded that minor antigens alone are as potent as major and minor antigens together in evoking an immune response that prevents functional regeneration through long lengths of nerve allografts. Host nerve fibers can, however, regenerate through such nerve allografts if the hosts are immunosuppressed.
雪旺细胞在含有次要而非主要和次要移植抗原的神经节同种异体移植中存活时间更长。作者研究了在帮助修复受损神经方面，仅含有次要抗原的神经同种异体移植是否优于含有主要和次要不相容性抗原的移植。从大鼠身上取出一段宿主腓神经，并用含有次要或主要和次要抗原的腓神经同种异体移植进行替换。结果表明，在正常大鼠中，宿主神经纤维能够在功能上再生通过（即生长通过并重新支配肌肉）长度为2厘米而非4厘米的神经同种异体移植，无论同种异体移植所含抗原如何。然而，如果宿主对神经供体的移植抗原产生免疫耐受，宿主神经纤维能够再生通过4厘米的神经同种异体移植。此外，当将致敏淋巴细胞注入携带功能性神经同种异体移植的耐受大鼠时，移植中会发生雪旺细胞排斥和脱髓鞘，但宿主神经纤维仍然存在。得出的结论是，仅次要抗原在引发阻止通过长段神经同种异体移植进行功能再生的免疫反应方面与主要和次要抗原一起同样有效。然而，如果宿主进行免疫抑制，宿主神经纤维能够通过这种神经同种异体移植再生。
