Angel A, Roncari D A
Can Med Assoc J. 1978 Dec 23;119(12):1408-11.
Obesity leads to several complications that affect many body systems. This paper focuses mainly on the cardiovascular complications, which include coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and stroke, and congestive heart failure; the last may be secondary not only to advanced coronary atherosclerosis, but also to other pathogenetic factors. The increased frequency of coronary heart disease in the obese is largely attributable to the commonly associated hypertension, diabetes mellitus and lipoprotein abnormalities, rather than the adiposity. The lipoprotein disorders that have a role in atherogenesis are decreased plasma concentrations of high-density lipoproteins and elevated plasma concentrations of low-density lipoproteins. Abnormalities in cholesterol metabolism are responsible for the increased frequency of cholelithiasis in obese persons. The factors that mediate the development of cardiovascular and gallbladder complications are correctable by an appropriate program of meal planning and physical activity.
肥胖会引发多种影响多个身体系统的并发症。本文主要关注心血管并发症，包括冠心病、脑血管疾病和中风，以及充血性心力衰竭；后者不仅可能继发于晚期冠状动脉粥样硬化，还可能由其他致病因素引起。肥胖人群中冠心病发病率增加很大程度上归因于常见的高血压、糖尿病和脂蛋白异常，而非肥胖本身。在动脉粥样硬化形成中起作用的脂蛋白紊乱表现为血浆高密度脂蛋白浓度降低和血浆低密度脂蛋白浓度升高。胆固醇代谢异常导致肥胖者胆结石发病率增加。通过适当的饮食计划和体育活动方案可以纠正介导心血管和胆囊并发症发生的因素。
