The scope and the problems of neonatal surgery are illustrated by reviewing a series of 1831 patients operated on over 15 years in one surgical unit. The patients were listed according the surgical subspeciality to which they belong (Tables 1--9). The results show that operative mortality is negligible in the good risk neonates (tumours, urology, orthopaedic and general surgery) but remains significant in the groups of serious malformations with high incidence of prematurity and associated anomalies. The present hospital mortality for patients with anorectal anomalies is about 5%, for spina bifida cystica about 10% and has even in oesophageal and duodenal atresia patients dropped to 15%. For other bowel atresias it is still 25% for gastroschisis and omphalocoele around 35% and for diaphragmatic hernia 50%. Cardiac surgery, including perfusion operations, has become an integral part of neonatal surgery, its present mortality being around 35%.
通过回顾一个外科单元在15年多时间里为1831例患者实施手术的情况，阐述了新生儿外科的范围和问题。这些患者根据所属的外科亚专业进行了分类（表1 - 9）。结果显示，对于风险较低的新生儿（肿瘤、泌尿外科、骨科和普通外科），手术死亡率可忽略不计，但对于早产和合并畸形发生率较高的严重畸形组，手术死亡率仍然很高。目前，肛门直肠畸形患者的医院死亡率约为5%，脊柱裂囊肿患者约为10%，甚至食管和十二指肠闭锁患者的死亡率已降至15%。其他肠闭锁的死亡率仍为25%，腹裂为35%左右，脐膨出约为35%，膈疝为50%。包括体外循环手术在内的心脏手术已成为新生儿外科的一个组成部分，目前其死亡率约为35 %。
