Cognitive processes, learner strategies, and skilled motor behaviors.

A global model has been developed with special emphasis on cognitive (control) processes that may be operative in the learning and performing of complex motor behaviors. It is most meaningful for instructional and self-learning purposes to determine those processes that may be under the control of the learner, and which strategies are available for him/her to select from. Appropriate strategies are expected to facilitate acquisition, retention and transfer. Learners should be encouraged to use self-managed rather than externally-induced strategies as appropriate to achieve goals with categories of psychomotor tasks. An analysis of the cognitive and psychomotor literature will lead to the identification of the best of alternative learner strategies to maximize the internal operations that contribute to effective motor behavior.