Iwamori M, Nagai Y
J Biochem. 1978 Dec;84(6):1609-15. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a132287.
Molecular species and concentrations of GM3 ganglioside in rabbit tissues, brain, thymus, lung, liver, stomach, intestine, kidney, testis, muscle, and erythrocytes were determined. The highest concentration was found in lung (431.7 nmol/g wet tissue). With the exceptions of brain, thymus, and erythrocytes, GM3 was the dominant ganglioside and comprised more than 50% of the total gangliosides. In brain and thymus, GM3 composed 0.76% and 17.28% of the total gangliosides, respectively. The sialic acid composition of GM3 was determined by mild methanolysis and neuraminidase treatment combined with either permethylation or trimethylsilylation. N-Glycolylneuraminic acid-containing GM3 was found in thymus, lung, kidney, and intestine in addition to N-acetylneuraminic acid-containing GM3, but N-acetylneuraminic acid was the sole sialic acid of GM3 in the other tissues. Sixty-four percent of the thymus GM3 consisted of N-glycolylneuraminic acid. High concentrations of C-20 sphingosine and stearic acid were characteristic for brain GM3 and the major long chain base of the other tissues was C-18 spingosine. The fatty acid composition of GM3 varied in each tissue. The difference in mobility on a thin-layer plate was due to the difference in its molecular constitution, being derived from a combination of fatty acid, long chain base, and sialic acid.
测定了兔组织（脑、胸腺、肺、肝、胃、肠、肾、睾丸、肌肉和红细胞）中GM3神经节苷脂的分子种类和浓度。肺中的浓度最高（431.7 nmol/g湿组织）。除脑、胸腺和红细胞外，GM3是主要的神经节苷脂，占总神经节苷脂的50%以上。在脑和胸腺中，GM3分别占总神经节苷脂的0.76%和17.28%。通过温和的甲醇解和神经氨酸酶处理结合全甲基化或三甲基硅烷化来测定GM3的唾液酸组成。除了含N-乙酰神经氨酸的GM3外，在胸腺、肺、肾和肠中还发现了含N-糖基神经氨酸的GM3，但在其他组织中，N-乙酰神经氨酸是GM3唯一的唾液酸。胸腺GM3的64%由N-糖基神经氨酸组成。脑GM3的特征是含有高浓度的C-20鞘氨醇和硬脂酸，其他组织的主要长链碱是C-18鞘氨醇。GM3的脂肪酸组成在每个组织中都有所不同。在薄层层板上迁移率的差异是由于其分子组成的差异，这是由脂肪酸、长链碱和唾液酸的组合产生的。
