Morash M A
Adolescence. 1980 Summer;15(58):313-20.
The purpose of this study was to compare the identity status of employed, working class youth with status frequencies reported by Marcia for middle class college students of the same age. Also, an exploratory content analysis was used to suggest factors that block and facilitate identity achievement within the working class group. Identity status ratings were obtained for twenty-eight working class males who were interviewed with Marcia's semistructured questionnaire. Comparisons revealed that the working class youth were more likely than the middle class youth to be in either an identity achievement or diffusion status, and less likely to be in a state of crisis or to have accepted the values of parents without question. Additionally, youth who had both experienced a crisis and resolved that crisis tended to perceive fewer blocks to the opportunity to take part in desired experiences or discussions than other youth. The research suggests that the development of identity may differ between social classes and that experiences outside of the family are significant influences on identity status.
本研究的目的是比较就业的工人阶级青年的身份状态与玛西亚报告的同龄中产阶级大学生的身份状态频率。此外，还采用了探索性内容分析来揭示阻碍和促进工人阶级群体身份认同达成的因素。通过用玛西亚的半结构化问卷对28名工人阶级男性进行访谈，获得了他们的身份状态评级。比较结果显示，与中产阶级青年相比，工人阶级青年更有可能处于身份认同达成或扩散状态，而处于危机状态或毫无质疑地接受父母价值观的可能性较小。此外，既经历过危机又解决了危机的青年比其他青年更倾向于认为参与期望的经历或讨论的机会受到的阻碍更少。该研究表明，不同社会阶层的身份认同发展可能存在差异，且家庭之外的经历对身份状态有重大影响。
