Pastorino E, Dunham R M, Kidwell J, Bacho R, Lamborn S D
Gainesville College, Georgia, USA.
Adolescence. 1997 Fall;32(127):559-77.
Gender comparisons were conducted in six social domains of identity development on 210 college students: occupation, religion, politics, dating, sex roles, and friendship. The identity research literature often combines domains to create more global estimates of identity development. Such an approach may obscure differences among the domains, each of which may have different implications for different societal contexts, and for males and females. Analyses were made for each domain, and for the combined ideological, interpersonal, and overall domain scores. Several gender differences were apparent when domain-specific analyses were examined. Males were more likely to explore and commit in politics, whereas females were more likely to explore in sex roles and to commit in religion and dating. In politics, fewer males were in the diffused status; in contrast, for dating and sex roles, there were fewer females in the diffused status. However, when combined scores were examined, there were no gender differences in identity status. The results suggest that some gender differences still remain in specific domains. The utility of including domain-specific analyses is suggested when gender comparisons are examined. Regardless of gender, more youth were diffused in political identity than in any other domain, suggesting political apathy among today's college youth.
对210名大学生在身份认同发展的六个社会领域进行了性别比较：职业、宗教、政治、约会、性别角色和友谊。身份认同研究文献常常将各个领域合并起来，以对身份认同发展进行更全面的评估。这种方法可能会掩盖不同领域之间的差异，而每个领域可能对不同的社会背景以及男性和女性有着不同的影响。对每个领域以及综合的意识形态、人际和总体领域得分进行了分析。在进行特定领域分析时，出现了一些明显的性别差异。男性更有可能在政治方面进行探索并投入，而女性更有可能在性别角色方面进行探索，并在宗教和约会方面投入。在政治领域，处于扩散状态的男性较少；相比之下，在约会和性别角色方面，处于扩散状态的女性较少。然而，在检查综合得分时，身份认同状态上不存在性别差异。结果表明，在特定领域中仍然存在一些性别差异。在进行性别比较时，建议纳入特定领域分析。无论性别如何，在政治身份认同方面处于扩散状态的年轻人都比在其他任何领域的要多，这表明当今大学生存在政治冷漠现象。
