Anderson S D
Hear Res. 1980 Jun;2(3-4):273-96. doi: 10.1016/0378-5955(80)90063-5.
Some basic characteristics of monkey and human acoustic emissions are reviewed and some new data presented. These characteristics are discussed in relation to the sensorineural output of the cochlea. Input--output functions and the frequency dispersal in the waveform of acoustic emissions (AE) from monkeys are described. New findings include changes in the human AE during trains of clicks and sustained suppression of the AE after short bursts of noise of moderate intensity. The similarly of click-evoked AE latencies and whole-nerve action potential (AP) latencies for low stimulus level toneburst stimuli, and the apparent discrepancy between these latencies and those of single cochlear nerve-fibre action potentials and derived impulse responses is discussed. It is argued that at low stimulus levels AE are generated either coincident with the primary cochlear impulse or very soon afterwards. It is proposed that the AE generator is peripheral to the afferent synapse of the inner hair cells because of the lack of adaptation effects in AE. However, attention is drawn to changes in the waveform of the click-evoked AE with increasing stimulus intensity and with diuretic intoxication, that qualitatively parallel known changes in single nerve-fibre firing properties. These observations are consistent with the concept that AE are a product of a sharply tuned and vulnerable cochlear filter mechanism.
本文回顾了猴子和人类听觉发射的一些基本特征，并给出了一些新数据。这些特征将结合耳蜗的感觉神经输出进行讨论。文中描述了猴子听觉发射（AE）波形的输入 - 输出函数和频率离散情况。新发现包括人类在短声序列期间AE的变化，以及中等强度短噪声爆发后AE的持续抑制。文中讨论了低刺激水平短纯音刺激下短声诱发的AE潜伏期与全神经动作电位（AP）潜伏期的相似性，以及这些潜伏期与单个耳蜗神经纤维动作电位潜伏期和导出的冲动反应潜伏期之间明显的差异。有观点认为，在低刺激水平下，AE要么与初级耳蜗冲动同时产生，要么在其后很快产生。由于AE中缺乏适应效应，因此有人提出AE发生器位于内毛细胞传入突触的外周。然而，需要注意的是，随着刺激强度增加和利尿剂中毒，短声诱发的AE波形会发生变化，这在质量上与单个神经纤维放电特性的已知变化相似。这些观察结果与AE是一种高度调谐且易受影响的耳蜗滤波机制产物的概念一致。
