Clavelle P R, Turner A D
J Clin Psychol. 1980 Jul;36(3):833-8. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198007)36:3<833::aid-jclp2270360344>3.0.co;2-i.
Investigated the clinical decision-making process among three groups of mental health workers. Ss were 32 paraprofessionals, 11 social workers, and 13 clinical psychologists. Each S conducted two stimulated intake interviews and decided at certain times during the procedure whether the client was (a) in need of medication; (b) suicidal; and (c) in need of hospitalization. Results revealed that the professionals displayed no greater consensus in their decisions than did the paraprofessionals. The professionals, especially the psychologists, were more confident of their decisions, but only when it was appropriate (i.e., on questions on which they had reached some consensus). The psychologists were most consistent and focused in their manner of gathering information. The majority of Ss reached their decisions early in the interviews.
研究了三组心理健康工作者的临床决策过程。研究对象包括32名辅助专业人员、11名社会工作者和13名临床心理学家。每位研究对象进行了两次模拟接诊访谈，并在过程中的特定时间决定来访者是否（a）需要药物治疗；（b）有自杀倾向；以及（c）需要住院治疗。结果显示，专业人员在决策上并没有比辅助专业人员表现出更高的一致性。专业人员，尤其是心理学家，对自己的决策更有信心，但只有在合适的情况下（即对他们已达成某种共识的问题）才是如此。心理学家在收集信息的方式上最为一致且专注。大多数研究对象在访谈早期就做出了决定。
