年轻人和老年人的频率判断及相关认知能力

Frequency judgments and correlated cognitive abilities in young and elderly adults.

作者信息

Kausler D H, Puckett J M

出版信息

J Gerontol. 1980 May;35(3):376-82. doi: 10.1093/geronj/35.3.376.

DOI:10.1093/geronj/35.3.376

Abstract

The present study replicated and extended the results obtained earlier by Attig and Hasher (1980) in finding null effects for adult age variation and instructional variation on a relative frequency judgment task. In addition, nonsignificant covariation was found for both young and elderly adults bet ween frequency judgment proficiency and paired-associate learning proficiency, in agreement with the hypothesis that frequency judgment is mediated fully by automatic memory processes over the entire adult lifespan. Fluid intelligence test scores were also found to correlate positively with frequency judgment proficiency for young adults but not for elderly adults.

摘要

本研究重复并扩展了阿蒂格和哈舍（1980年）之前获得的结果，即在一项相对频率判断任务中，未发现成人年龄差异和教学差异产生显著影响。此外，研究发现，无论是年轻人还是老年人，频率判断能力与配对联想学习能力之间的协变均不显著，这与频率判断在整个成年期完全由自动记忆过程介导的假设一致。研究还发现，流体智力测试分数与年轻人的频率判断能力呈正相关，但与老年人的频率判断能力无关。