Kausler D H, Puckett J M
Exp Aging Res. 1981 Fall;7(3):235-43. doi: 10.1080/03610738108259807.
Young and middle-aged subjects, matched for scores on a figural relations test, did not differ in memory for either word content or the case format in which study list words had been presented, suggesting that age deficits for modality memory are restricted to late adulthood. Scores on the figural relations test, as a measure of fluid intelligence, correlated positively with case recognition scores, but significantly so only for the young subjects. In addition case recognition memory was more proficient under intentional conditions than under incidental conditions for both age groups, implying that case encoding is a cognitively effortful activity. In agreement with this position, case recognition scores showed an absence of correlation with scores on a frequency judgment task, a task commonly assumed to involve an automatic encoding process.
在图形关系测试中得分匹配的中青年受试者，在对单词内容或学习列表单词呈现的格形式的记忆方面没有差异，这表明模态记忆的年龄缺陷仅限于成年晚期。作为流体智力指标的图形关系测试得分与格识别得分呈正相关，但仅在年轻受试者中显著相关。此外，两个年龄组在有意条件下的格识别记忆都比在无意条件下更熟练，这意味着格编码是一项需要认知努力的活动。与这一观点一致的是，格识别得分与频率判断任务的得分没有相关性，频率判断任务通常被认为涉及自动编码过程。
