van Dongen K J, Braakman R
Neurosurgery. 1980 Jul;7(1):14-22. doi: 10.1227/00006123-198007000-00003.
Ninety-seven of a consecutive series of 225 head-injured patients who were in coma for at least 6 hours survived for 12 months or more. Seventy-nine underwent computed tomography (CT) 1 to 4 years after the injury. Ct findings such as infratentorial and focal and diffuse supratentorial atrophy were correlated with overall social outcome, persistent neurological deficit, operations, and prognostic features. Coma lasting longer than 24 hours, ataxia, and severe disability show a high correlation with infratentorial atrophy, alone or in combination with supratentorial atrophy. Patients who came out of coma within 24 hours after injury and those who ultimately recovered well usually had a normal CT scan or focal supratentorial atrophy only. Most patients who had undergone operation for space-occupying extra- or intradural hematomas or contusions had focal atrophy on the operated side.
在连续的225例头部受伤且昏迷至少6小时的患者中，97例存活了12个月或更长时间。79例在受伤后1至4年接受了计算机断层扫描（CT）。幕下、局灶性和弥漫性幕上萎缩等CT表现与总体社会结局、持续性神经功能缺损、手术及预后特征相关。昏迷持续超过24小时、共济失调和严重残疾与幕下萎缩单独或与幕上萎缩合并存在高度相关。受伤后24小时内苏醒的患者以及最终恢复良好的患者通常CT扫描正常或仅存在局灶性幕上萎缩。大多数因硬膜外或硬膜下占位性血肿或挫伤接受手术的患者在手术侧有局灶性萎缩。
