Anderson W H
Am J Psychiatry. 1980 Oct;137(10):1188-92. doi: 10.1176/ajp.137.10.1188.
Physical illness may first declare itself as a disturbance in thinking, mood, or behavior. Recognition of physical disorders is enhanced by informed use of the relevant procedures of physical examination. Objections to physical examination are based on the assumptions that it is overly timeconsuming, is psychotherapeutically contraindicated, or requires unusual skill, but observation and minimally intrusive procedures can provide much information that may exclude emergent organic conditions. Different patients, illnesses, and settings require different levels of examination; the author describes the appropriate procedure for psychotic patients, substance abusers, patients taking psychotropic medications, and other patients.
身体疾病可能首先表现为思维、情绪或行为的紊乱。通过明智地运用相关身体检查程序,对身体疾病的识别会得到加强。对身体检查的反对意见基于这样的假设,即它过于耗时、在心理治疗上是禁忌的,或者需要特殊技能,但观察和侵入性最小的程序可以提供许多可能排除紧急器质性疾病的信息。不同的患者、疾病和情况需要不同程度的检查;作者描述了针对精神病患者、药物滥用者、服用精神药物的患者以及其他患者的适当检查程序。