Urca G, Frenk H
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1980 Sep;13(3):343-7. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(80)90237-3.
Rats were pretreated either with saline or with various doses of morphine. Thirty minutes following this pretreatment animals received an injection of either naltrexone (5 mg/kg) or saline. Motility was measured following the second injection. All animals then received 40 mg/kg pentamethylenetetrazol (PTZ). Morphine, but not naltrexone, showed anticonvulsant action by increasing the latencies to the first preclonic jerk and seizure onset. In addition, morphine tended to shorten seizure duration, whereas naltrexone tended to lengthen it. However, at the most effective anticonvulsant dose morphine-treated animals showed significantly more covulsive seizures than did the saline-treated controls. The continuation of these multiple seizures was blocked by naltrexone. At doses which did not lower preseizure motility but rather increased it, morphine significantly embraced the duration of the behavioral post-ictal depression (PID). Naltrexone, though effecting preseizure motility when administered after morphine, did not effect PID. These results are taken as evidence, that morphine possesses both pro- and anticonvulsant properties, depending on the prior occurrence of a PTZ-induced seizure. The possibility that seizures cause increased sensitivity of the organism to morphine is discussed.
大鼠分别用生理盐水或不同剂量的吗啡进行预处理。预处理30分钟后，动物接受纳曲酮（5毫克/千克）或生理盐水注射。在第二次注射后测量活动能力。然后所有动物接受40毫克/千克的戊四氮（PTZ）。吗啡而非纳曲酮通过增加首次阵挛前抽搐和癫痫发作开始的潜伏期表现出抗惊厥作用。此外，吗啡倾向于缩短癫痫发作持续时间，而纳曲酮倾向于延长其持续时间。然而，在最有效的抗惊厥剂量下，吗啡处理的动物比生理盐水处理的对照组表现出明显更多的惊厥性癫痫发作。这些多次癫痫发作的持续被纳曲酮阻断。在不降低癫痫发作前活动能力反而增加其活动能力的剂量下，吗啡显著延长了发作后行为抑制（PID）的持续时间。纳曲酮虽然在吗啡给药后影响癫痫发作前的活动能力，但不影响PID。这些结果被视为证据，表明吗啡具有促惊厥和抗惊厥特性，这取决于PTZ诱导的癫痫发作是否先前发生。讨论了癫痫发作导致机体对吗啡敏感性增加的可能性。
