Endler M, Haber P, Hofner W
Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb. 1980;118(1):91-100. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1051476.
Motional analysis of the spinal segments with an x-ray amplifyer and studies of mechanical stress in the spine at oarsmen show, that during the phase of driving through with the oars immersed, the direction of the resulting load in the spine is approximately vertical to the next vertebral body. While referring to the vertebral bodies the direction of the resulting load does not change essentially, the size of the load differs conspicuously during active motion. In rowing the quantity of stress in the spine is limited by the torque of the counterforce, the erector trunci. Using an exact and correct rowing technique the quality of stress is compatible with the physiologically axial stresspattern of the vertebral body and the intervertebral disque. The frequency of peakstress in active rowing may possible lead to early and augmented degenerative changes in the vertebral bodies. In 45 Austrian top oarsmen the spine was examined clinically and radiologically, 68% showed signs of a previous Scheuermann's disease, while degenerative changes of vertebral bodies were found in 48%. Comparing spinal damages in different sports used in the training of the examined oarsmen, only in bicycling a similar pathomechanical effect on the spine could be observed.
利用X射线放大器对脊柱节段进行运动分析，并对划桨运动员脊柱的机械应力进行研究，结果表明，在桨浸入水中划动的阶段，脊柱中合成负荷的方向大致垂直于相邻椎体。虽然相对于椎体而言，合成负荷的方向基本不变，但在主动运动过程中负荷的大小却有显著差异。在划船运动中，脊柱的应力大小受背阔肌反作用力扭矩的限制。采用准确正确的划船技术，应力性质与椎体和椎间盘的生理轴向应力模式相符。主动划船时峰值应力的频率可能会导致椎体早期退变加剧。对45名奥地利顶级划桨运动员的脊柱进行了临床和放射学检查，68%的人有既往休曼氏病的迹象，48%的人发现有椎体退变。比较所检查划桨运动员训练中使用的不同运动对脊柱的损伤情况，仅在骑自行车时可观察到对脊柱有类似的病理力学影响。
