Brenner D, Hinsdale G
Adolescence. 1978 Winter;13(52):551-61.
Body build stereotypes of three age groups (6, 15, and 19 years old) of average weight and "heavy" female students were studied. First, the students were asked to circle one adjective from each of 28 antonym pairs, which was "most like" themselves. Concurrently, side-view figures of a female endormorph, an ectomorph, and a mesomorph were shown to each student. The figures were of the approximate age of the student. She was asked to point to one of the figures which "best fit" the adjectives in each of the 18 antonym pairs as they were read aloud. Lastly, each student was asked to choose one of the figures which "most looked" like themselves and the one which they would most want to "look like". Thus, discrepancies could be detected between one's self description and one's description of others with a very similar physique. The hypothesis that females would have similar physique preferences and aversions as those of males in a previous study (3) was confirmed. Females preferred the mesomorph figure (p less than .001) and at least favored the endomorph figure (p less than .001). The ectomorph figure was viewed less negatively than the endomorph figure (p less than .01). The youngest group showed more preference towards the endomorph and ectomorph figures then did the two older groups. "Heavy" physique students rejected the behavioral stereotypes descriptive of themselves even though they earlier had associated the very same stereotypes to the physique most like their own.
对三个年龄组（6岁、15岁和19岁）体重正常和“超重”的女学生的体型刻板印象进行了研究。首先，要求学生从28对反义词中圈出一个最能形容自己的形容词。同时，向每位学生展示女性内胚层体型、外胚层体型和中胚层体型的侧视图。这些图形的年龄与学生大致相仿。当读出18对反义词中的每一对时，要求她指出最符合这些形容词的图形。最后，要求每位学生选择一个最像自己的图形以及一个最想成为的图形。这样，就可以检测出自我描述与对具有非常相似体型的他人描述之间的差异。之前一项研究（3）中关于女性与男性具有相似体型偏好和厌恶的假设得到了证实。女性更喜欢中胚层体型（p<0.001），至少对内胚层体型也有好感（p<0.001）。外胚层体型比内胚层体型受到的负面评价更少（p<0.01）。最年轻的组比另外两个年龄较大的组对内胚层体型和外胚层体型表现出更多的偏好。“超重”体型的学生拒绝接受描述他们自己的行为刻板印象，尽管他们之前曾将同样的刻板印象与最像他们自己的体型联系起来。
