Allan L D, Tynan M J, Campbell S, Wilkinson J L, Anderson R H
Br Heart J. 1980 Oct;44(4):444-51. doi: 10.1136/hrt.44.4.444.
Fetal cardiac anatomy was studied in 200 pregnancies between 14 weeks' gestation and term using real time two-dimensional echocardiography. Eight scan planes were chosen as contributing valuable and distinct information on the establishment of cardiac normality. To confirm the echocardiographic interpretation, 25 fetal specimens between 12 and 28 weeks' gestational age were sectioned to imitate echocardiographic scan planes and the echocardiographic and anatomical pictures obtained were correlated with each other. The number of patients in whom each plane was recognized was tabulated in the first and second hundred, the second hundred having been studied after the anatomical studies were made. One longitudinal and one transverse plane could be seen in nearly all patients and considerable improvement in the frequency of recognition of other planes was made in the second hundred patients with increasing experience and anatomical understanding. The tricuspid-pulmonary and four-chamber planes alone, however, showed four cardiac chambers, two atrioventricular valves, and two arterial valves within their respective outflow tracts.
使用实时二维超声心动图对200例妊娠14周直至足月的胎儿心脏解剖结构进行了研究。选择了八个扫描平面，这些平面为确立心脏正常结构提供了有价值且独特的信息。为了证实超声心动图的解读，对25例孕龄在12至28周之间的胎儿标本进行切片，以模仿超声心动图扫描平面，并将获得的超声心动图和解剖图像相互对照。将在前一百例和后一百例中能识别出每个平面的患者数量制成表格，后一百例是在进行解剖学研究之后进行研究的。几乎所有患者都能看到一个纵切面和一个横切面，随着经验的增加和对解剖学理解的深入，后一百例患者对其他平面的识别频率有了显著提高。然而，仅三尖瓣-肺动脉平面和四腔心平面就能在各自的流出道内显示出四个心腔、两个房室瓣和两个动脉瓣。
