Matzkies F
Fortschr Med. 1980 Jun 26;98(24):940-4.
Linoleic acid, gamma-linoleic acid and arachidonic acid are essential substrates for human nutrition. The daily requirement of linoleic acid or linoleic acid equivalent are 6.5 g/die. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for safety intake has been fixed to 10 g/die. During deficiency of essential fatty acids (EFA) linoleic acid concentration in tissue is diminished and the prostaglandin synthesis is lowered, too. Prostaglandins are formed exclusively from linoleic acid equivalent, mostly arachidonic acid. Augmented application of EFA lowers cholesterol and triglicerides concentration in blood. An antihypertensive effect of EFA has recently been described. Unsaturated fatty acids can be used in therapy of hypercoagulability. In the dietary treatment of diabetes mellitus EFA improve the effect of insulin. EFA stop the development of atheromatosis. Therefore one should not hesitate to practice an EFA-rich diet.
亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸和花生四烯酸是人体营养的必需底物。亚油酸或亚油酸当量的每日需求量为6.5克/天。安全摄入量的推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）已确定为10克/天。在必需脂肪酸（EFA）缺乏期间，组织中亚油酸浓度降低，前列腺素合成也降低。前列腺素仅由亚油酸当量形成，主要是花生四烯酸。增加必需脂肪酸的应用可降低血液中的胆固醇和甘油三酯浓度。最近描述了必需脂肪酸的降压作用。不饱和脂肪酸可用于治疗高凝状态。在糖尿病的饮食治疗中，必需脂肪酸可改善胰岛素的作用。必需脂肪酸可阻止动脉粥样硬化的发展。因此，应该毫不犹豫地实行富含必需脂肪酸的饮食。
