Zlotnik H, Buckley H R
Infect Immun. 1980 Sep;29(3):1141-5. doi: 10.1128/iai.29.3.1141-1145.1980.
Chronic actinomycetoma associated with grain production was induced in BALB/c mice by subcutaneous inoculation of live Nocardia brasiliensis in Freund incomplete adjuvant into the hind footpads. Similar inoculation of N. asteroides and N. caviae resulted in local tumor formation which healed spontaneously after 5 months, the disease disseminating into the peritoneum, where masses or organisms could be detected. Grains were recovered from superficial skin lesions of N. caviae, but not from the N. asteroides-infected mice. Mycetoma lesions, appearing as early as 1 month after inoculation of 1.2 X 10(7) colony-forming units of N. brasiliensis per ml or as late as 3 months with inoculation of 1.0 X 10(5) colony-forming units per ml, became persistent and were readily detectable even 6 months after inoculation. No spontaneous healing occurred, and grains were recovered at different stages of the disease. Saline suspensions of N. brasiliensis also produced typical mycetoma lesions, although the incubation period was ca. 6 months. Adjuvant addition appeared to accelerate the onset of the disease. Experimental production of actinomycetoma in laboratory animals allows the study of many unanswered aspects of the disease and also provides a suitable model for therapeutic trials in the search for new and more effective chemotherapeutic agents.
通过将巴西诺卡菌活菌与弗氏不完全佐剂皮下接种到BALB/c小鼠后足垫，诱导出与谷物生产相关的慢性放线菌瘤。对星状诺卡菌和豚鼠诺卡菌进行类似接种，导致局部肿瘤形成，5个月后自发愈合，疾病扩散到腹膜，在那里可检测到肿块或病原体。从豚鼠诺卡菌感染的浅表皮肤病变中可回收颗粒，但在星状诺卡菌感染的小鼠中未回收。接种每毫升1.2×10⁷菌落形成单位的巴西诺卡菌后1个月最早出现放线菌瘤病变，接种每毫升1.0×10⁵菌落形成单位则最晚在3个月后出现，病变持续存在，甚至在接种6个月后仍易于检测到。未发生自发愈合，在疾病的不同阶段均可回收颗粒。巴西诺卡菌的盐水悬液也产生典型的放线菌瘤病变，尽管潜伏期约为6个月。添加佐剂似乎加速了疾病的发作。在实验动物中实验性产生放线菌瘤，有助于研究该疾病许多未解决的方面，也为寻找新的更有效的化疗药物的治疗试验提供了合适的模型。
