Navarro V
Int J Health Serv. 1980;10(4):523-50. doi: 10.2190/6EAJ-HEXP-UBQG-GK4A.
This article discusses the nature of work, ideology, and science in Western capitalist societies. It analyzes how capitalist or bourgeois ideology reproduces capitalist dominance in the spheres of production (Section I), politics (Section II), and science and medicine (Section III). Also, this article explains how the working class responds to that capitalist dominance through a continuous process of class struggle. Sections I, II, and III show how class struggle affects bourgeois dominance in the processes of production, politics, and science and medicine, respectively. Special focus in Section III is on the analysis of (a) how bourgeois dominance appears in science and medicine, (b) how bourgeois ideology appears and is reproduced in medical knowledge, and (c) how class struggle determines the nature of scientific and medical knowledge. In this section, an alternative mode of production of scientific and medical knowledge, different from the prevalent bourgeois one, is presented and discussed. In all three sections, medicine and medical knowledge are chosen as the primary points of reference.
本文探讨西方资本主义社会中的工作、意识形态和科学的本质。它分析了资本主义或资产阶级意识形态如何在生产领域（第一节）、政治领域（第二节）以及科学与医学领域（第三节）再现资本主义的主导地位。此外，本文还解释了工人阶级如何通过持续的阶级斗争过程来应对这种资本主义主导地位。第一节、第二节和第三节分别展示了阶级斗争如何在生产、政治以及科学与医学过程中影响资产阶级的主导地位。第三节特别关注对以下内容的分析：（a）资产阶级主导地位在科学与医学中是如何体现的；（b）资产阶级意识形态在医学知识中是如何出现并得以再现的；（c）阶级斗争如何决定科学和医学知识的本质。在本节中，提出并讨论了一种不同于普遍存在的资产阶级模式的科学和医学知识生产的替代模式。在所有这三个部分中，医学和医学知识被选为主要的参考点。
