Nelson T O, Chaiklin S
J Exp Psychol Hum Learn. 1980 Sep;6(5):529-45.
Performance characteristics in a spatial-location task were examined nonmetrically. In Experiment 1, subjects reproduced the location of a dot either from immediate memory or while actually looking at the dot. Independent analyses of accuracy and the direction of incorrect reproductions yielded evidence for a fast-acting locational-memory process that may be distinct both from locational-perception processes and from response-bias processes. In Experiment 2, three different borders were used to vary the distance between the dot location and the border. Locational-memory accuracy increased as this distance decreased. Incorrect reproductions tended to occur toward rather than away from the border, and the robustness of this effect decreased for dot locations nearer to the border. Due to our nonmetric approach, the above conclusions are generalizable to all psychological conceptions whose spatial distances are monotonically related to the external spatial distances investigated here. A weighted-distortion theory of memory for spatial location is proposed to account for these and other findings.
在一项空间定位任务中，对表现特征进行了非度量性研究。在实验1中，受试者要么根据即时记忆，要么在实际看着点的情况下重现点的位置。对准确性和错误重现方向的独立分析得出了证据，表明存在一种快速起作用的位置记忆过程，该过程可能既不同于位置感知过程，也不同于反应偏差过程。在实验2中，使用了三种不同的边界来改变点位置与边界之间的距离。随着该距离减小，位置记忆准确性提高。错误重现倾向于朝着边界而非远离边界发生，并且对于更靠近边界的点位置，这种效应的稳健性降低。由于我们采用的是非度量方法，上述结论可推广到所有空间距离与这里所研究的外部空间距离呈单调关系的心理学概念。提出了一种空间位置记忆的加权失真理论来解释这些及其他发现。
