Ishihara T, Ferrans V J, Jones M, Boyce S W, Kawanami O, Roberts W C
Am J Cardiol. 1980 Nov;46(5):744-53. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(80)90424-5.
Morphologic studies of normal anterior parietal pericardium from seven patients revealed this tissue to be composed of three layers: (1) the serosa, consisting of a surface layer of mesothelial cells and a narrow submesothelial space, (2) the fibrosa, containing variously oriented layers of collagen fibrils and small elastic fibers, and (3) the epipericardial connective tissue layer, containing mainly large coarse bundles of collagen and forming part of the pericardiosternal ligament. Scanning electron microscopic examination is most useful for study of the surface features of pericardial mesothelial cells, which have single cilia and are covered with microvilli. The latter bear friction and increase the surface area for fluid transport. Junctional complexes between adjacent mesothelial cells consist of desmosomes, which reinforce intercellular adhesion and zonulae occludentes, which form permeability barriers. Actin-like filaments (50 A in diameter) are present in microvilli and in immediately subjacent regions of the cells; these filaments mediate changes in cell shape. Intermediate filaments (100 A in diameter) are associated with desmosomes and form bundles in the perinuclear regions; these filaments provide structural support to the cytoplasm.
对7例患者正常前壁心包的形态学研究显示，该组织由三层组成：（1）浆膜层，由间皮细胞表层和狭窄的间皮下间隙组成；（2）纤维层，含有不同方向排列的胶原纤维束和小弹性纤维；（3）心包外结缔组织层，主要由粗大的胶原束组成，是心包胸骨韧带的一部分。扫描电子显微镜检查对于研究心包间皮细胞的表面特征最为有用，这些细胞有单个纤毛并被微绒毛覆盖。微绒毛能承受摩擦并增加液体运输的表面积。相邻间皮细胞之间的连接复合体由增强细胞间黏附的桥粒和形成渗透屏障的紧密连接组成。直径为50埃的肌动蛋白样细丝存在于微绒毛和细胞紧邻的亚表层区域；这些细丝介导细胞形状的变化。直径为100埃的中间细丝与桥粒相关，并在核周区域形成束状；这些细丝为细胞质提供结构支撑。
