Rothmann B F, Boeckman C R
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1980 Sep-Oct;89(5 Pt 1):434-6. doi: 10.1177/000348948008900512.
In a study of 225 patients with foreign bodies in the larynx, trachea and bronchi, 77% were 36 months of age or less. The male-female ratio was 2:1. Food or food derivatives were the causative agent in 70% of the cases, with 38% due to a portion of nut. The foreign body involved the right and left bronchus with equal frequency. A choking episode followed by an audible wheeze (55%) was the most common presenting complaint. Obstructive emphysema was demonstrated in 60% and was best demonstrated by inspiration-expiration chest roentgenograms or fluoroscopy. A radio-opaque object was seen in 13%. Two hundred ten foreign objects (93%) were removed by endoscopy. Four patients required pulmonary resection for bronchiectasis and in three patients bronchotomy was performed. Five patients expelled the foreign body spontaneously, two patients were transferred to another hospital, and one foreign body was not recovered. There was no mortality.
在一项针对225例喉、气管和支气管异物患者的研究中，77%的患者年龄在36个月及以下。男女比例为2:1。70%的病例中，食物或食物衍生物是致病因素，其中38%是由于坚果的一部分。异物累及左右支气管的频率相同。最常见的主诉是呛咳发作后出现可闻及的喘息声（55%）。60%的患者显示有阻塞性肺气肿，吸气-呼气胸部X线片或荧光透视检查对此显示最佳。13%的患者可见不透射线的物体。210个异物（93%）通过内镜取出。4例患者因支气管扩张需要进行肺切除术，3例患者进行了支气管切开术。5例患者自行排出异物，2例患者转至另一家医院，1个异物未取出。无死亡病例。
