Dohrenwend B P, Shrout P E, Egri G, Mendelsohn F S
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1980 Nov;37(11):1229-36. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1980.01780240027003.
This interview study investigated nonspecific psychological distress in the general population. A probability sample of 200 adults was drawn from heterogenous sex, class, and ethnic groups in New York City. Twenty-five scales were developed. Eight reflect a single dimension of nonspecific distress (eg, Poor Self-esteem, Sadness, and Perceived Physical Health) and 17 are distinct from these and from each other (eg, False Beliefs and Perceptions, Manic Characteristics, Insomnia, Antisocial History, and illness-linked Somatic Problems). Both sets of scales have become part of a new interview instrument, the Psychiatric Epidemiology Research Interview (PERI). Questions are raised about the nature of nonspecific distress in relation to Frank's construct of "demoralization," the value of the measured dimensions of psychopathology that contrast with it, and the relation of PERI, which uses a self-report format, to diagnostic interviews developed here and abroad.
这项访谈研究调查了普通人群中的非特异性心理困扰。从纽约市不同性别、阶层和种族群体中抽取了200名成年人作为概率样本。开发了25个量表。其中8个反映了非特异性困扰的单一维度（如自尊低下、悲伤和感知身体健康），另外17个则与这些维度以及彼此不同（如错误信念和认知、躁狂特征、失眠、反社会史以及与疾病相关的躯体问题）。这两组量表都已成为一种新的访谈工具——精神疾病流行病学研究访谈（PERI）的一部分。文中提出了一些问题，涉及非特异性困扰与弗兰克的“士气低落”概念的关系、与之形成对比的精神病理学测量维度的价值，以及采用自我报告形式的PERI与国内外在此开发的诊断访谈之间的关系。
