Stegner H E
Pathol Res Pract. 1980 Oct;169(2):120-6. doi: 10.1016/s0344-0338(80)80112-9.
Uterine sarcomas constitute 1% to 3% of all uterine cancers. There are three main histological varieties: endometrial stromal sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and mixed mesodermal (Müllerian) sarcoma. The tumors are characterized by local aggressiveness and early dissemination. According to the literature, 5 year survival rates range from 3 to 75% (!). This wide range reflects great prognostic differences in the various histologic types. On the other hand it may be due to discrepancies in histopathological evaluation. Radical surgery is the most effective therapy. In early stages it leads to 5 year survival rates of up to 88%. Adjuvant irradiation may increase the control of disease in the pelvis but has proven to be of little influence on the final outcome. The histologic variants show great differences in radiosensitivity. In endometrial stromal sarcomas adjuvant radiation therapy apparently can improve the treatment results. By contrast mixed mesodermal sarcomas are highly radioresistent. There is poor knowledge on the effectiveness of cytotoxic agents on uterine sarcomas. Objective remission of distant metastasis has been observed following treatment with cytotoxic antibiotics (Adriamycin).
子宫肉瘤占所有子宫癌的1%至3%。主要有三种组织学类型：子宫内膜间质肉瘤、平滑肌肉瘤和混合性中胚叶（苗勒氏）肉瘤。这些肿瘤的特点是局部侵袭性和早期扩散。根据文献，5年生存率在3%至75%之间（！）。如此大的范围反映了不同组织学类型在预后方面的巨大差异。另一方面，这可能是由于组织病理学评估存在差异。根治性手术是最有效的治疗方法。在早期阶段，其可使5年生存率高达88%。辅助放疗可能会增加对盆腔疾病的控制，但已证明对最终结果影响不大。组织学变体在放射敏感性方面表现出很大差异。在子宫内膜间质肉瘤中，辅助放疗显然可以改善治疗效果。相比之下，混合性中胚叶肉瘤具有高度放射抗性。关于细胞毒性药物对子宫肉瘤的有效性了解甚少。在用细胞毒性抗生素（阿霉素）治疗后，观察到远处转移有客观缓解。
