Farmer S W, Hayashida T, Papkoff H, Polenov A L
Endocrinology. 1981 Feb;108(2):377-81. doi: 10.1210/endo-108-2-377.
GH was isolated and characterized from pituitaries of a primitive bony fish, sturgeon (Acipenser güldenstädti). Sturgeon GH was very active in a mammalian GH assay, the rat tibia test. Relative to ovine GH (NIH-GH-S9), sturgeon GH gave a parallel dose-response slope and had a potency of 0.4. Sturgeon GH also showed strong cross-reaction in a snapping turtle GH RIA, comparable to that shown by tetrapod GHs and much greater than that of modern bony fish (teleost) GH. These results, predicted by earlier experiments using pituitary extracts of related species, support the hypothesis that GHs from primitive fish are more closely related to tetrapod GHs than are teleost GHs. Chemical characterization of sturgeon GH, including amino acid terminal residue analyses, amino acid composition, molecular weight determination, and electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels, indicated that this GH is similar to GHs previously isolated from a teleost and representative species of every tetrapod class. These data provide strong additional evidence that the molecular structure of GH has been highly conserved during evolution. (Endocrinology 108: 377, 1981)
生长激素（GH）是从一种原始硬骨鱼——鲟鱼（Acipenser güldenstädti）的垂体中分离并鉴定出来的。鲟鱼的GH在一项哺乳动物GH测定实验——大鼠胫骨试验中表现出非常强的活性。相对于绵羊GH（NIH-GH-S9），鲟鱼GH呈现出平行的剂量反应斜率，其效价为0.4。鲟鱼GH在鳄龟GH放射免疫分析（RIA）中也表现出强烈的交叉反应，与四足动物的GH相当，远高于现代硬骨鱼（硬骨鱼纲）的GH。这些结果，正如早期使用相关物种垂体提取物所做实验所预测的那样，支持了这样一个假说：与硬骨鱼纲的GH相比，原始鱼类的GH与四足动物的GH关系更为密切。对鲟鱼GH的化学特性分析，包括氨基酸末端残基分析、氨基酸组成、分子量测定以及在聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上的电泳分析，表明这种GH与之前从硬骨鱼纲以及每个四足动物类别的代表性物种中分离出的GH相似。这些数据提供了强有力的额外证据，证明GH的分子结构在进化过程中高度保守。（《内分泌学》108: 377, 1981）
