神经源性交感神经刺激后不同动物物种的组织和血浆儿茶酚胺及多巴胺β-羟化酶活性

Tissue and plasma catecholamines and dopamine beta-hydroxylase activity of various animal species after neurogenic sympathetic stimulation.

作者信息

Arnaiz J M, García A G, Horga J F, Kirpekar S M

出版信息

J Physiol. 1978 Dec;285:515-29. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1978.sp012586.

DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.1978.sp012586

PMID:745119

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1281771/

Abstract

The effects of reserpine and exposure to a stressing atmosphere containing 20% CO2 for 5 hr on catecholamine (CA) levels and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity of adrenal, spleen and plasma of cat, rabbit, rat and guinea-pig were studied. 2. Twenty-four hr after an I.P. injection of reserpine, the CA contents of the adrenals and spleens were markedly reduced in all the four species studied. Adrenal and splenic DBH activity was unchanged in reserpine treated cats and rats. The enzyme activity decreased by 28 and 36% in adrenals of rabbits and guinea-pigs, and a 33% diminution was observed in the spleens of both species. 3. A marked rise in guinea-pig plasma DBH activity was obtained 24 hr after reserpine, while plasma DBH activity was unchanged in the rat. 4. Exposure of rats to a stressing atmosphere containing 20% CO2 for 5 hr increased the circulating noradrenaline (NA) levels by 600%, but plasma DBH activity remained unchanged. CO2 exposure caused both, an increase in plasm NA levels and DBH activity in the guinea-pig (950% and 100%, respectively). 5. The combined treatment with reserpine plus immediate exposure to CO2 produced a 230% rise in rat plasma NA with no concomitant change in DBH activity. A similar treatment caused a 75% fall of NA levels and an increase in DBH activity of 600% in the guinea-pig. 6. The ratios of total DBH activity to CA in the spleen and adrenal were much higher in the guinea-pig than in the rat. The fraction of the total DBH activity that can be solubilized by osmotic shock of purified adrenomedullary chromaffin granules was 28% in the rat and 71% in the guinea-pig. If one makes the assumption that 'soluble' and 'releasable' DBH may be equated, the amount of 'releasable' DBH into the circulation is much greater in the guinea-pig than in the rat. 7. The results suggest that the guinea-pig is a better model than the rat to study circulating DBH activity as an index of exocytotic CA release from adrenergic neurones and adrenal medulla, and therefore of sympathetic activity. The results also indicate that previous data trying to correlate sympathetic activity with circulating DBH activity carried out in the rat have to be reconsidered in the light of data obtained in the guinea-pig.

摘要

研究了利血平以及将猫、兔、大鼠和豚鼠暴露于含20%二氧化碳的应激环境中5小时对其肾上腺、脾脏和血浆中儿茶酚胺（CA）水平及多巴胺β-羟化酶（DBH）活性的影响。2. 腹腔注射利血平24小时后，在所研究的所有四个物种中，肾上腺和脾脏中的CA含量均显著降低。在利血平处理的猫和大鼠中，肾上腺和脾脏的DBH活性未发生变化。在兔和豚鼠的肾上腺中，该酶活性分别下降了28%和36%，在这两个物种的脾脏中均观察到33%的降低。3. 利血平注射24小时后，豚鼠血浆DBH活性显著升高，而大鼠血浆DBH活性未发生变化。4. 将大鼠暴露于含20%二氧化碳的应激环境中5小时，循环去甲肾上腺素（NA）水平增加了600%，但血浆DBH活性保持不变。二氧化碳暴露导致豚鼠血浆NA水平和DBH活性均增加（分别增加950%和100%）。5. 利血平联合立即暴露于二氧化碳的处理使大鼠血浆NA升高了230%，而DBH活性未随之改变。类似的处理使豚鼠NA水平下降了75%，DBH活性增加了600%。6. 豚鼠脾脏和肾上腺中总DBH活性与CA的比值远高于大鼠。通过纯化的肾上腺髓质嗜铬颗粒的渗透压休克可溶解的总DBH活性部分，在大鼠中为28%，在豚鼠中为71%。如果假设“可溶性”和“可释放”的DBH可以等同，那么豚鼠中进入循环的“可释放”DBH量比大鼠大得多。7. 结果表明，豚鼠比大鼠更适合作为研究循环DBH活性的模型，以此作为肾上腺素能神经元和肾上腺髓质中胞吐性CA释放的指标，进而作为交感神经活动的指标。结果还表明，鉴于在豚鼠中获得的数据，以前试图将大鼠中的交感神经活动与循环DBH活性相关联的先前数据必须重新考虑。