Minervini M M, Montrone S, Di Benedetta C
Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper. 1980 Oct 30;56(20):2104-9.
A questionnaire modified in regard to that previously suggested by Horne and Ostberg has been utilized to distinguish the "morning" from the "evening" types. In 144 medical students it was found that almost 22% were evening type and 53% were morning type. By means of the new questionnaire there was an increment, percentagewise, of both groups from the 62% to 75%, indicating the usefulness of the method. The study of biological as well as psychological parameters should be pursued in order to control the validity of these results.
一份根据霍恩和奥斯特伯格之前建议修改的问卷被用于区分“早晨型”和“晚上型”。在144名医学生中，发现近22%是晚上型，53%是早晨型。通过新问卷，两组的比例从62%增加到75%，表明该方法的有效性。应该进行生物学和心理学参数的研究，以控制这些结果的有效性。
