Bauer H W, Walther V, Schmiedt F
Fortschr Med. 1980 Sep 11;98(34):1301-5.
Serum acid phosphatase activity is the most commonly measured biochemical marker for diagnosing prostatic cancer and monitoring responses of such patients to therapy. Increased total serum acid phosphatase activity has been detected in the serum of up to 75% of patients with advanced disease (Stage D) which has metastasized to the bone, whereas in early stages (Stage A and B) as few as 10% may have increased total serum acid enzyme phosphatase values that can be detected by conventional biochemical assays. Serum acid phosphatase is believed to be comprised of specific molecular variants (isoenzymes) from sources throughout the body. Unfortunately, biochemical tests may lack specificity and sensitivity for the prostatic acid phosphatase, which is, thought to enter the serum in early stages of prostatic cancer. This situation prompted the development of immunologic assays for the determination prostatic acid phosphatase (radioimmunoassays, enzyme-immunoassays) which, it is hoped, combine the specificity achieved with immunologic reagents and techniques with the sensitivity made available through the use of radioisotopes or spectrophotometers.
血清酸性磷酸酶活性是诊断前列腺癌及监测此类患者治疗反应时最常检测的生化标志物。在已发生骨转移的晚期疾病（D期）患者中，高达75%的患者血清总酸性磷酸酶活性升高，而在早期（A期和B期），只有10%的患者血清总酸性磷酸酶值可能升高，且这些升高的值可通过传统生化检测方法检测到。血清酸性磷酸酶被认为由来自全身各处的特定分子变体（同工酶）组成。不幸的是，生化检测对前列腺酸性磷酸酶可能缺乏特异性和敏感性，前列腺酸性磷酸酶被认为在前列腺癌早期进入血清。这种情况促使了用于测定前列腺酸性磷酸酶的免疫测定法（放射免疫测定法、酶免疫测定法）的发展，人们希望这些方法能将免疫试剂和技术所具有的特异性与通过使用放射性同位素或分光光度计获得的敏感性结合起来。
