McGivney W T, McMillan D E
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1981 Feb;216(2):299-305.
The effects of orally administered levo-alpha-acetylmethadol (LAAM) on the schedule-controlled behavior of the pigeon were compared with those of methadone. Both LAAM and methadone decreased rates of responding under a multiple fixed-interval 5-min, fixed-ratio 30-response schedule of food presentation. Although LAAM had a longer duration of action than methadone, both drugs were similar in the onset and potency of their behavioral effects. The chronic administration of either LAAM or methadone produced tolerance to the respective behavioral effects of each drug. In one set of experiments, the behavioral effects of intramuscularly administered LAAM were compared with those of its active metabolites, levo-alpha-noracetylmethadol and levo-alpha-dinoracetylmethadol. All three drugs decreased rates of responding under both components of the multiple schedule. The onset of these rate-decreasing effects was rapid and the order of potency for the production of these rate-decreases was levo-alpha-noracetylmethadol greater than levo-alpha-dinoracetylmethadol greater than or equal to LAAM. The rate-decreasing effects of LAAM and its metabolites were typical narcotic effects as defined by their reversal by naloxone.
将口服左-α-乙酰美沙酮（LAAM）对鸽子按程序控制行为的影响与美沙酮的影响进行了比较。LAAM和美沙酮均降低了在食物呈现的多重固定间隔5分钟、固定比率30次反应程序下的反应率。尽管LAAM的作用持续时间比美沙酮长，但两种药物在行为效应的起效和效力方面相似。长期给予LAAM或美沙酮都会产生对每种药物各自行为效应的耐受性。在一组实验中，将肌肉注射LAAM的行为效应与其活性代谢物左-α-去甲乙酰美沙酮和左-α-双去甲乙酰美沙酮的行为效应进行了比较。这三种药物均降低了多重程序两个组成部分下的反应率。这些降低反应率效应的起效迅速，产生这些反应率降低的效力顺序为左-α-去甲乙酰美沙酮大于左-α-双去甲乙酰美沙酮大于或等于LAAM。LAAM及其代谢物的降低反应率效应是典型的麻醉作用，这是由它们被纳洛酮逆转所定义的。
