Thumfart W, Gschwandtner R
Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg). 1980 Nov;59(11):727-36.
Electromyography of the larynx in the awake patient using zoom-endoscopy provides an earlier diagnosis of recurrent laryngeal nerve diseases by recording action potentials of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle. Not in every case the type of nerve lesion (neurapraxy, neurotmesis, axonotmesis) could be determined by the EMG alone. Therefore, neurography of the laryngeal nerves was investigated. With respect to the mixed innervation of the larynx by both the more sensible superior and the motoric inferior laryngeal nerve a reflex arc can be examined. The upper laryngeal nerve was stimulated transcutaneously. The afferent reflex arc leads to the ganglions of the vagus nerve and its central nuclei, its efferent motor neurons conduct reflex activity via the recurrent and upper laryngeal nerves back to the larynx. The reflex potentials can be measured out of the various larynx muscles by electromyography under endoscopic control. The importance of this method is demonstrated in cases of vocal cord palsies.
在清醒患者中使用放大内镜对喉部进行肌电图检查，通过记录环杓后肌的动作电位，可对喉返神经疾病进行早期诊断。并非在每种情况下，仅通过肌电图就能确定神经病变的类型（神经失用、神经断伤、轴突断伤）。因此，对喉神经进行了神经造影研究。鉴于喉部由更敏感的喉上神经和运动性的喉下神经混合支配，可检查一个反射弧。经皮刺激喉上神经。传入反射弧通向迷走神经节及其中枢核，其传出运动神经元通过喉返神经和喉上神经将反射活动传回喉部。在内镜控制下，可通过肌电图从喉部的不同肌肉中测量反射电位。这种方法在声带麻痹病例中显示出重要性。
