Mervis B, Lotz J W
Clin Radiol. 1980 Sep;31(5):521-8. doi: 10.1016/s0009-9260(80)80037-7.
Cysticercosis is an infection with a larval or a bladder-worm stage of the species of Taenia. Cysticerci have a predeliction for the nervous system where they may be found in the meninges, the ventricles and within the brain itself. Brain involvement or parenchymatous form has an acute and chronic phase. Before the advent of CT scanning radiology was of little value in the acute parenchymatous cysticercosis, but with CT the changes within the brain can be recognised. In reviewing 14 cases of acute parenchymatous cysticercosis three CT patterns were found. 1. A diffuse low density pattern with no or little change after contrast medium 2. Multiple low densities with small rounded central areas of enhancement. 3. Large cystic lesions which may become ring lesions after contrast medium. We conclude that in an endemic area for cysticercosis, when one of these CT patterns is present, cysticercosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis. In a child where the clinical features are suggestive, the CT pattern may be diagnostic of cysticercosis. In the chronic parenchymatous stage the cysts have calcified and this may occur within one year of the acute onset. In 11 cases of chronic parenchymatous cysticercosis where the calcification was visible on the plain skull radiographs the CT scan added very little additional information. It may however be of value in confirming intracranial calcifications where their presence on the plain skull radiograph is in doubt.
囊尾蚴病是由绦虫属幼虫或囊尾蚴阶段感染所致。囊尾蚴易侵犯神经系统，可在脑膜、脑室及脑实质内发现。脑部受累或实质型有急性期和慢性期。在CT扫描出现之前，放射学检查对急性实质型囊尾蚴病价值不大，但CT能识别脑内的变化。回顾14例急性实质型囊尾蚴病病例，发现三种CT表现形式。1.弥漫性低密度影，增强后无变化或变化很小。2.多个低密度影，中央有小圆形强化区。3.大的囊性病变，增强后可变为环形病变。我们得出结论，在囊尾蚴病流行地区，当出现这些CT表现形式之一时，鉴别诊断中应考虑囊尾蚴病。对于临床特征提示该病的儿童，CT表现形式可能可诊断囊尾蚴病。在慢性实质期，囊肿已钙化，这可能在急性发作后一年内出现。在11例慢性实质型囊尾蚴病病例中，颅骨平片可见钙化，CT扫描几乎未提供更多额外信息。然而，当颅骨平片上颅内钙化情况存疑时，CT扫描对于确认颅内钙化可能有价值。
