Mizerny B R, Lessard M L, Black M J
Department of Otolaryngology, McGill University, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1995 Nov;113(5):564-8. doi: 10.1177/019459989511300507.
The bilateral transverse cervical arteries of 16 fresh cadavers were exposed by an infraclavicular midline approach. Each artery was cannulated, and methylene blue dye was infused to delineate the skin territory subserved by the vessel. The two major infusion skin patterns obtained allowed fashioning of a thin fasciocutaneous flap incorporating supraclavicular skin, which was based on the transverse cervical artery; or a larger flap additionally incorporating upper back skin and varying amounts of trapezius muscle, when the artery had a dorsal scapular artery branch. Depending on the skin pattern, either scapula or clavicle could be transferred with the other soft tissues.
The skin territory of the transverse cervical artery is caused to vary by the presence or absence of its dorsal scapular artery branch. The supraclavicular portion of the flap is recommended for repair of facial and nasal lesions because of its close match in color and texture to facial skin. Oral lesions can also be reconstructed with this flap because of its pliability.
The free flap based on the transverse cervical artery pedicle appears to be a useful addition to the armamentarium of flaps for head and neck reconstruction. Clinical use of the flap is ongoing and will be subsequently reported.
采用锁骨下中线入路暴露16具新鲜尸体的双侧颈横动脉。将每根动脉插管，并注入亚甲蓝染料以勾勒该血管所供应的皮肤区域。所获得的两种主要注入皮肤模式使得能够制作以颈横动脉为蒂、包含锁骨上皮肤的薄筋膜皮瓣；或者当动脉有肩胛背动脉分支时，制作一个更大的皮瓣，该皮瓣还包含上背部皮肤和不同量的斜方肌。根据皮肤模式，肩胛骨或锁骨可与其他软组织一起转移。
颈横动脉的皮肤区域因其肩胛背动脉分支的有无而有所不同。皮瓣的锁骨上部分因其颜色和质地与面部皮肤非常匹配，推荐用于修复面部和鼻部病变。由于其柔韧性，该皮瓣也可用于口腔病变的重建。
以颈横动脉为蒂的游离皮瓣似乎是头颈部重建皮瓣库中的一个有用补充。该皮瓣的临床应用正在进行中，随后将予以报道。
