Netterville J L, Wood D E
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-5555.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1991 Jan;117(1):73-6. doi: 10.1001/archotol.1991.01870130079020.
The lower trapezius flap was first described in 1980 based on the transverse cervical artery. The older anatomical literature, however, describes the dorsal scapular artery as a major contributor of blood supply to the skin overlying the lower trapezius fibers. To clarify this, 30 dissections of this vascular region were performed. In 15 of 30 dissections, the dorsal scapular artery was dominant and the distal transverse cervical artery arose from the dorsal scapular. In nine of 30 dissections, the transverse cervical artery was dominant and the distal dorsal scapular artery arose from the transverse cervical. In six of 30 dissections, both proximal arteries were of equal caliber with no distal communication. We describe a surgical technique that makes use of the lower trapezius flap with inclusion of the dorsal scapular artery; this technique greatly extends the usefulness of the lower trapezius flap, while decreasing the morbidity caused by division of the upper portion of the trapezius muscle during flap harvest.
下斜方肌皮瓣于1980年首次基于颈横动脉被描述。然而，早期的解剖学文献将肩胛背动脉描述为下斜方肌纤维上方皮肤血液供应的主要贡献者。为了阐明这一点，对该血管区域进行了30次解剖。在30次解剖中的15次中，肩胛背动脉占主导地位，颈横动脉远端起自肩胛背动脉。在30次解剖中的9次中，颈横动脉占主导地位，肩胛背动脉远端起自颈横动脉。在30次解剖中的6次中，两条近端动脉口径相等，没有远端交通。我们描述了一种手术技术，该技术利用包含肩胛背动脉的下斜方肌皮瓣；这种技术极大地扩展了下斜方肌皮瓣的用途，同时降低了皮瓣切取过程中斜方肌上部离断所导致的发病率。
