Gaensbauer T J
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, USA.
Psychoanal Study Child. 1995;50:122-49. doi: 10.1080/00797308.1995.11822399.
In this paper, five children who experienced traumas during the preverbal period are described. The clinical presentations are oriented around three questions: (1) What are the expectable symptomatic reactions of preverbal infants to trauma? (2) To what extent and in what forms are preverbal traumatic experiences retained in memory? and (3) Does trauma in the preverbal period have enduring effects? In these five preverbal infants, symptomatology consistent with typical posttraumatic diagnostic criteria was observed. The clinical material also suggested that the capacity to encode and retain meaningful internal representations of the salient elements of a traumatic experience may be present as early as the second half of the first year of life. The developmental implications of early trauma, particularly if it is severe, appear to be significant.
本文描述了五名在言语前期经历创伤的儿童。临床表现围绕三个问题展开：（1）言语前期婴儿对创伤可预期的症状反应有哪些？（2）言语前期创伤经历在记忆中保留的程度和形式如何？以及（3）言语前期的创伤是否有持久影响？在这五名言语前期婴儿中，观察到了与典型创伤后诊断标准相符的症状。临床资料还表明，早在生命的第一年下半年，就可能具备对创伤经历的显著要素进行编码和保留有意义的内部表征的能力。早期创伤的发展影响，尤其是如果创伤严重，似乎是重大的。
