Rendas A B, Pinto P R, Morais M da G, Costa P F, Magalhães J
Departamentos de Fisiopatologia, Bioquímica e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa.
Acta Med Port. 1995 Jul-Aug;8(7-8):459-62.
This article describes a project, which took place between 1992 and 1994, on the application of problem-based learning to three disciplines of the basic medical curriculum: Biochemistry (1st year) Physiology (2nd year) and physiopathology (3rd year). The main objectives of the project were to bring teaching closer to the future professional reality, to stimulate critical thinking and to facilitate independent learning. Despite differences in content and in teaching materials, the trigger event for learning was information given within a clinical context which was further analyzed in small-group tutorial sessions. The project also included the training of the tutors and the development of audiovisual materials. Although no statistically significant differences were found in the final scores between students taught during this period and before, the first group reported a considerable increase in the motivation to learn which, in the case of Biochemistry, was important to change the passive attitude of most students on entering university. The project also helped to create the appropriate atmosphere for the establishment of an office for medical education in the medical school to support other innovations in the field. With this project we wished to contribute, with a concrete experience, to the reform of medical education in Portugal, by demonstrating that problem-based learning can be used in single disciplines without major changes in the basic curriculum.
本文介绍了一个于1992年至1994年间开展的项目，该项目将基于问题的学习方法应用于基础医学课程的三个学科：生物化学（一年级）、生理学（二年级）和病理生理学（三年级）。该项目的主要目标是使教学更贴近未来的职业现实，激发批判性思维，并促进自主学习。尽管内容和教材存在差异，但学习的触发事件是临床背景下给出的信息，这些信息在小组辅导课中会进一步分析。该项目还包括对教师的培训以及视听材料的开发。尽管在此期间接受教学的学生与之前的学生在期末考试成绩上没有发现统计学上的显著差异，但第一组学生表示学习动机有了相当大的提高，就生物化学而言，这对于改变大多数学生进入大学时的被动态度很重要。该项目还有助于营造合适的氛围，以便在医学院设立医学教育办公室，以支持该领域的其他创新。通过这个项目，我们希望通过具体的经验，为葡萄牙的医学教育改革做出贡献，证明基于问题的学习方法可以在单一学科中使用，而无需对基础课程进行重大改变。
