《儿童世界》:一种创造性的视觉触发因素,用于在基于问题的学习模块中激发学生的探究。

"The Child's World": a creative and visual trigger to stimulate student enquiry in a problem based learning module.

作者信息

Barron Carol, Lambert Veronica, Conlon Joy, Harrington Tracey

机构信息

School of Nursing, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.

出版信息

Nurse Educ Today. 2008 Nov;28(8):962-9. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2008.05.017. Epub 2008 Jul 24.

Abstract

Despite the abundance of literature on problem based learning (PBL) [Murray, I., Savin-Baden, M., 2000. Staff development in problem-based learning. Teaching in Higher Education 5 (1), 107-126; Johnson, A.K., Tinning, R.S., 2001. Meeting the challenge of problem-based learning: developing the facilitators. Nurse Education Today 21 (3), 161-169; McCourt, C., Thomas, G., 2001. Evaluation of a problem based curriculum in midwifery. Midwifery 17 (4), 323-331; Cooke, M., Moyle, K., 2002. Students' evaluation of problem-based learning. Nurse Education Today 22, 330-339; Haith-Cooper, M., 2003a. An exploration of tutors' experiences of facilitating problem-based learning. Part 1--an educational research methodology combining innovation and philosophical tradition. Nurse Education Today 23, 58-64; Haith-Cooper, M., 2003b. An exploration of tutor' experiences of facilitating problem-based learning. Part 2--implications for the facilitation of problem based learning. Nurse Education Today 23, 65-75; Rowan, C.J., Mc Court, C., Beake, S., 2007. Problem based learning in midwifery--The teacher's perspective. Nurse Education Today 27, 131-138; Rowan, C.J., Mc Court, C., Beake, S., 2008. Problem based learning in midwifery--The students' perspective. Nurse Education Today 28, 93-99] few studies focus on describing "triggers", the process involved in their development and their evaluation from students' perspective. It is clearly documented that well designed, open ended, real life and challenging "triggers" are key to the success of PBL implementation [Roberts, D., Ousey, K., 2004. Problem based learning: developing the triggers. Experiences from a first wave site. Nurse Education in Practice 4, 154-158, Gibson, I., 2005. Designing projects for learning. In: Barrett, T., Mac Labhrainn, I., Fallon, H., (Eds.), Handbook of Enquiry and Problem-based Learning: Irish Case Studies and International Perspectives. AISHE & CELT: NUI Galway. <www.nuigalway.ie/celt/pblbook>, Barrett, T., 2005. Understanding problem-based learning. In: Barrett, T. Mac Labhrainn, I., Fallon, H., (Eds.), Handbook of Enquiry and Problem-based Learning: Irish Case Studies and International Perspectives. AISHE & CELT, NUI Galway. <www.nuigalway.ie/celt/pblbook>]. This paper outlines the planning, implementation and evaluation of a "trigger" developed for a first year undergraduate nursing module. To meet specific module learning outcomes and to stimulate student inquiry through the learning strategy of PBL, a bright and colourful collage, was constructed. This tool was then evaluated using focus group interviews. Students' perspectives centered round a core theme, 'finding a focus and taking control'. Four categories were identified illustrating students progress from 'initial confusion' to engaging with the 'trigger diversity' before confidently 'exploring their own line of inquiry', thus leading to the 'stimulation of their learning'. Consistent with previous research, we also suggest it is customary for students to experience an initial period of ambiguity as they switch from teacher led to student centered learning [Biley, F., 1999. Creating tension: under graduate students nurses' response to a problem-based learning curriculum. Nurse Education Today 19 (7), 586-589]. One challenge in developing "triggers" is that the process is primarily controlled by lecturers. We suggest that a possible way forward would be to also engage students in the development of "triggers".

摘要

尽管关于基于问题的学习(PBL)已有大量文献(默里,I.,萨文 - 巴登,M.,2000年。基于问题的学习中的员工发展。《高等教育教学》5(1),第107 - 126页;约翰逊,A.K.,廷宁,R.S.,2001年。应对基于问题的学习的挑战:培养促进者。《今日护理教育》21(3),第161 - 169页;麦考特,C.,托马斯,G.,2001年。对助产专业基于问题的课程的评估。《助产》17(4),第323 - 331页;库克,M.,莫伊尔,K.,2002年。学生对基于问题的学习的评价。《今日护理教育》22,第330 - 339页;海思 - 库珀,M.,2003a。对促进基于问题的学习的导师经验的探索。第1部分——一种结合创新与哲学传统的教育研究方法。《今日护理教育》23,第58 - 64页;海思 - 库珀,M.,2003b。对促进基于问题的学习的导师经验的探索。第2部分——对促进基于问题的学习的启示。《今日护理教育》23,第65 - 75页;罗恩,C.J.,麦考特,C.,比克,S.,2007年。助产专业中基于问题的学习——教师视角。《今日护理教育》27,第131 - 138页;罗恩,C.J.,麦考特,C.,比克,S.,2008年。助产专业中基于问题的学习——学生视角。《今日护理教育》28,第93 - 99页),但很少有研究聚焦于描述“触发因素”、其开发过程以及从学生角度对其进行的评估。有明确记录表明,精心设计、开放式、基于现实生活且具有挑战性的“触发因素”是实施基于问题的学习取得成功的关键(罗伯茨,D.,乌西,K.,2004年。基于问题的学习:开发触发因素。来自首批试点学校的经验。《护理实践教育》4,第154 - 158页;吉布森,I.,2005年。设计学习项目。载于:巴雷特,T.,麦克拉布赖恩,I.,法伦,H.(编),《探究与基于问题的学习手册:爱尔兰案例研究及国际视角》。AISHE与CELT:国立高威大学。<www.nuigalway.ie/celt/pblbook>;巴雷特,T.,2005年。理解基于问题的学习。载于:巴雷特,T.,麦克拉布赖恩,I.,法伦,H.(编),《探究与基于问题的学习手册:爱尔兰案例研究及国际视角》。AISHE与CELT,国立高威大学。<www.nuigalway.ie/celt/pblbook>)。本文概述了为本科一年级护理模块开发的一个“触发因素”的规划、实施及评估情况。为了实现特定的模块学习成果,并通过基于问题的学习策略激发学生探究,制作了一幅色彩鲜艳的拼贴画。然后通过焦点小组访谈对该工具进行了评估。学生们的观点集中在一个核心主题上,即“找到重点并掌控局面”。确定了四个类别,说明了学生从“最初的困惑”到参与“触发因素的多样性”,再到自信地“探索自己的探究方向”,从而促进“学习”的过程。与先前的研究一致,我们还指出,当学生从教师主导的学习转向以学生为中心的学习时,通常会经历一段初始的模糊期(贝利,F.,1999年。制造紧张:本科护生对基于问题的学习课程的反应。《今日护理教育》19(7),第586 - 589页)。开发“触发因素”面临的一个挑战是,这个过程主要由讲师控制。我们认为,一种可能的改进方法是让学生也参与到“触发因素”的开发中来。

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