Chitwood D D, Griffin D K, Comerford M, Page J B, Trapido E J, Lai S, McCoy C B
Comprehensive Drug Research Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, FL 33136, USA.
Am J Public Health. 1995 Nov;85(11):1538-42. doi: 10.2105/ajph.85.11.1538.
A nested case-control study was conducted in Miami, Fla, to determine risk factors associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seroconversion among injection drug users.
The study identified 21 incident cases of HIV-1 infection and 76 unmatched controls from two longitudinal cohorts of injection drug users. One cohort consisted of individuals who originally had been recruited from treatment centers; a second cohort was recruited from the "street." Logistic regression analyses that adjusted for age, gender, and race were performed.
The final model determined that the primary independent risk factor that best explained the risk for seroconversion was sharing injection equipment in the year prior to conversion; a marginal risk factor was presence of sexually transmitted disease during this same period.
Both an injection component and a sexual component play a role in seroconversion among injection drug users, although the injection component is much stronger.
在佛罗里达州迈阿密开展了一项巢式病例对照研究，以确定注射吸毒者中与1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）血清转化相关的危险因素。
该研究从两个注射吸毒者纵向队列中确定了21例HIV-1感染新发病例和76名不匹配的对照。一个队列由最初从治疗中心招募的个体组成；第二个队列是从“街头”招募的。进行了调整年龄、性别和种族的逻辑回归分析。
最终模型确定，最能解释血清转化风险的主要独立危险因素是在转化前一年共用注射器具；同期存在性传播疾病是一个边缘危险因素。
尽管注射因素的作用更强，但注射因素和性因素在注射吸毒者的血清转化中都起作用。
