Livesay G A, Fujie H, Kashiwaguchi S, Morrow D A, Fu F H, Woo S L
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA, USA.
Ann Biomed Eng. 1995 Jul-Aug;23(4):467-74. doi: 10.1007/BF02584446.
The in situ forces and their distribution within the human anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) can clarify this ligament's role in the knee and help to resolve controversies regarding surgical treatment of ACL deficiency. We used a universal force-moment sensor (UFS) to determine the magnitude, direction, and point of application of the in situ forces in the ACL in intact human cadaveric knees. Unlike previous studies, this approach does not require surgical intervention, the attachment of mechanical devices to or near the ACL, or a priori assumptions about the direction of in situ force. Anterior tibial loads were applied to intact knees, which were limited to 1 degree of freedom at 30 degrees flexion. The in situ forces developed in the ACL were lower than the applied force for loads under 80 N, but larger for applied loads of more than 80 N. The direction of the force vector corresponded to that of the anteromedial (AM) portion of the ACL insertion on the tibial plateau. The point of force application was located in the posterior section of the anteromedial portion of the tibial insertion site. The anterior and posterior aspects of the anteromedial portion of the ACL supported 25% and 70% of the in situ force, respectively, with the remainder carried by the posterolateral portion. We believe that the data obtained with this new UFS methodology improves our understanding of the role of the ACL in knee function, and that this methodology can be easily extended to study the function of other ligaments.
人体前交叉韧带（ACL）内的原位力及其分布情况能够阐明该韧带在膝关节中的作用，并有助于解决有关ACL损伤手术治疗的争议。我们使用通用力-力矩传感器（UFS）来确定完整人体尸体膝关节中ACL原位力的大小、方向和作用点。与以往研究不同，这种方法不需要手术干预、在ACL上或其附近附着机械设备，也无需对原位力的方向进行先验假设。向前交叉韧带完整的膝关节施加胫骨前负荷，膝关节在30度屈曲时限制为1个自由度。对于80 N以下的负荷，ACL中产生的原位力低于施加的力，但对于超过80 N的施加负荷则更大。力矢量的方向与ACL在胫骨平台上插入的前内侧（AM）部分的方向一致。力的作用点位于胫骨插入部位前内侧部分的后部。ACL前内侧部分的前部和后部分别承受25%和70%的原位力，其余部分由后外侧部分承担。我们认为，通过这种新的UFS方法获得的数据增进了我们对ACL在膝关节功能中作用的理解，并且这种方法可以很容易地扩展到研究其他韧带的功能。
