Anderson D C, Yolton R L, Reinke A R, Kohl P, Lundy-Ekman L
College of Optometry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, OR 97116, USA.
J Am Optom Assoc. 1995 Sep;66(9):545-58.
Dizziness is a lay term used to describe a variety of sensations. Unfortunately, the term "dizziness" does not have a precise medical definition, and additional information is typically required to further define the patient's problem.
When dizziness is a presenting complaint, distinctions must be made between vertigo (a sense of false movement), near-syncope (a feeling of impending faint), disequilibrium (loss of balance), and ill-defined lightheadedness (an inability to concentrate or focus the mind). Possible causes of dizziness include conflicts between visual and vestibular information, vascular problems, adverse reactions to medication, psychological difficulties, systemic disease, and the effects of aging.
Dizziness is a symptom of a physiological or psychological illness, and therefore management is typically directed toward treatment of the underlying illness. In some cases the cause of the dizziness cannot be found, however, or is untreatable. In these cases, management is directed toward symptom reduction.
Dizziness is a relatively common problem that arises from a variety of causes. In many cases, optometrists can participate in the diagnosis and management of patients with complaints of dizziness.
头晕是一个非专业术语，用于描述各种感觉。不幸的是，“头晕”一词没有精确的医学定义，通常需要更多信息来进一步明确患者的问题。
当头晕作为主诉出现时，必须区分眩晕（一种虚假运动的感觉）、接近晕厥（即将昏厥的感觉）、平衡失调（失去平衡）和定义不明确的头晕（无法集中注意力或思维）。头晕的可能原因包括视觉和前庭信息之间的冲突、血管问题、药物不良反应、心理问题、全身性疾病以及衰老的影响。
头晕是生理或心理疾病的症状，因此治疗通常针对潜在疾病。然而，在某些情况下，头晕的原因无法找到或无法治疗。在这些情况下，治疗旨在减轻症状。
头晕是一个相对常见的问题，由多种原因引起。在许多情况下，验光师可以参与对头晕患者的诊断和治疗。
