Lundstrom T S, Sobel J D
Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1995 Sep;9(3):747-67.
Vancomycin is a safe, effective antibiotic for a variety of serious gram-positive infections. Because of emerging vancomycin-resistant enterococci and the threat of spread of vancomycin-resistant genes to other gram-positive organisms, judicious use of vancomycin should be promoted. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, a broad-spectrum synergistic combination, continues to find widespread use in gram-negative bacterial infections, especially involving the urinary tract. It has enjoyed enormous success in prophylaxis and therapy of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Rifampin remains of paramount significance as a cidal agent against Mycobacterium tuberculosis; however, increasing reports of strains of MDR-tuberculosis are of great concern.
万古霉素是一种治疗各种严重革兰氏阳性菌感染的安全、有效的抗生素。由于出现了耐万古霉素肠球菌，以及耐万古霉素基因向其他革兰氏阳性菌传播的威胁，应促进万古霉素的合理使用。甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑是一种广谱协同组合药物，在革兰氏阴性菌感染，尤其是尿路感染中仍广泛应用。它在卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的预防和治疗中取得了巨大成功。利福平作为一种抗结核分枝杆菌的杀菌剂仍然具有至关重要的意义；然而，耐多药结核菌株报告的不断增加令人极为担忧。
